ó㳺íà íàñåëåíèõ ì³ñöüISSN: 2707-0441 eISSN: 2707-045X
Âèïóñê 73, 2023   -   Ñòîð³íêè: 68-73
ÑÒÀÍÎÂËÅÍÍß ÒÀ ÐÎÇÂÈÒÎÊ ÄÎÑ˲ÄÆÅÍÜ Ç ÁÅÇÏÅÊÈ Õ²Ì²×ÍÈÕ ÌÀÒÅвÀ˲ ÒÀ ÏÐÅÏÀÐÀҲ ÏÎÁÓÒÎÂί ղ̲¯  ÄÓ «²ÍÑÒÈÒÓÒ ÃÐÎÌÀÄÑÜÊÎÃÎ ÇÄÎÐÎÂ’ß ³ì. Î.Ì. ÌÀÐǪªÂÀ ÍÀÌÍ ÓÊÐÀ¯ÍÈ»
Ãîë³÷åíêîâ Î.Ì.1, Ëÿøåíêî Â.².1, Ìàéñòðåíêî Ç.Þ.1, Êó÷åðåíêî Î.Þ.1
1 ÄÓ "²ÍÑÒÈÒÓÒ ÃÐÎÌÀÄÑÜÊÎÃÎ ÇÄÎÐÎÂ'ß ²Ì. Î.Ì. ÌÀÐǪªÂÀ ÍÀÌÍÓ"
https://doi.org/10.32402/hygiene2023.73.068

ÀÍÎÒÀÖ²ß:
Âïðîâàäæåííÿ òà ïîøóê íîâèõ õ³ì³÷íèõ ìàòåð³àë³â (ïîë³ìåðíèõ ñèíòåòè÷íèõ ìàòåð³àë³â, ÏÑÌ) òà ïðåïàðàò³â ïîáóòîâî¿ õ³ì³¿ (ÏÁÕ) â æèòòÿ ñóñï³ëüñòâà ðîçïî÷àëîñü á³ëüø í³æ 100 ðîê³â òîìó ç ñèíòåçó ôåíîëôîðìàëüäåã³äíî¿ ñìîëè òà àöèëàì³íîåòèëòðèëê³ëàììîí³ºâî¿ ñîë³ é íå çàâåðøóºòüñÿ ñüîãîäí³. Ïîðÿä ç ö³ííèìè åêñïëóàòàö³éíèìè âëàñòèâîñòÿìè ö³ ìàòåð³àëè íåñóòü ïîòåíö³éíó íåáåçïåêó çäîðîâ’þ íàñåëåííþ, ÿêà ìîæå ïðîÿâëÿòèñü ó âèãëÿä³ àëåðã³é, çíèæåíí³ ³ìóí³òåòó òà ³íøèõ íåñïðèÿòëèâèõ ïðîÿâàõ. Ó çâ’ÿçêó ç öèì, ö³ ìàòåð³àëè ñòàëè îá’ºêòîì äîñë³äæåíü çà íàïðÿìêîì – «ã³ã³ºíà ïîë³ìåð³â òà ïðåïàðàò³â ïîáóòîâî¿ õ³ì³¿».
Ìåòà ðîáîòè: ïðîàíàë³çóâàòè ðåçóëüòàòè íàóêîâèõ äîñë³äæåíü çà íàïðÿìêîì «ã³ã³ºíà ïîë³ìåð³â òà ïðåïàðàò³â ïîáóòîâî¿ õ³ì³¿» ç ìîìåíòó ñòàíîâëåííÿ ëàáîðàòî𳿠áåçïåêè õ³ì³÷íèõ ìàòåð³àë³â ÄÓ «²íñòèòóò ãðîìàäñüêîãî çäîðîâ’ÿ ³ì. Î.Ì. Ìàð纺âà Íàö³îíàëüíî¿ àêàäå쳿 ìåäè÷íèõ íàóê Óêðà¿íè».
Ðåçóëüòàòè àíàë³çó. Âñòàíîâëåíà á³îëîã³÷íà ä³ÿ ñèíòåòè÷íèõ ìèþ÷èõ çàñîá³â (ÑÌÑ) ³ ïîâåðõíåâî-àêòèâíèõ ðå÷îâèí (ÏÀÐ) ïðè íàøê³ðí³é 䳿 òà îá´ðóíòîâàí³ çàëåæíîñò³ «äîçà-åôåêò».
Ðîçðîáëåí³ ìåòîäè âèçíà÷åííÿ àí³îííèõ (ÏÀÐ). Âñòàíîâëåí³ çàêîíîì³ðíîñò³ ¿õ íàêîïè÷åííÿ â ð³çíèõ îá’ºêòàõ (øê³ðà, ñèðîâàòêà êðîâ³, ñ³ëüñüêîãîñïîäàðñüê³ êóëüòóðè, ´ðóíòè, òêàíèíè).
Ïðîâåäåíà òîêñèêîëîã³÷íà îö³íêà ïðîäóêò³â ãîð³ííÿ ñó÷àñíèõ áóä³âåëüíèõ ³ ëàêîôàðáîâèõ ìàòåð³àë³â ³ ¿õ êîìá³íàö³é òà îá´ðóíòîâàí³ áåçïå÷í³ ð³âí³ ¿õ íàñè÷åíîñò³ â æèòë³.
Äîñë³äæåí³ îñîáëèâîñò³ õ³ì³÷íîãî çàáðóäíåííÿ æèòëà ³ âñòàíîâëåí³ ÷èííèêè, ùî âïëèâàþòü íà éîãî ôîðìóâàííÿ (íàñè÷åí³ñòü ïîë³ìåðíèìè ìàòåð³àëàìè, ïàðàìåòðè ì³êðîêë³ìàòó).
Çà ðåçóëüòàòàìè âèâ÷åííÿ òîêñèêîê³íåòèêè õ³ì³÷íèõ ñïîëóê âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî õðîí³÷íå îòðóºííÿ îðãàí³çìó ï³ä ÷àñ ïîæåæ îáóìîâëåíå òðèâàëîþ çàòðèìêîþ ¿õíüîãî âèâåäåííÿ ç îðãàí³çìó òà ïîðóøåííÿì ìåòàáîë³çìó êèñíþ.
Çà ðåçóëüòàòàìè á³îìîí³òîðèíãó ìåòàë³â âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî êîíöåíòðàö³ÿ ó á³îëîã³÷íèõ ìàòåð³àëàõ ìåòàë³â «òîêñè÷íî¿ ãðóïè» (ñâèíåöü ³ í³êåëü) ç íàðîñòàííÿì â³êó ëþäåé äî 50 ðîê³â íîñèòü ³íòåíñèâíèé õàðàêòåð íàêîïè÷åííÿ, à êîíöåíòðàö³ÿ ìåòàë³â «åñåíö³àëüíî¿ ãðóïè» (ì³äü, öèíê, êîáàëüò, õðîì òà ìàðãàíåöü) ç â³êîì çíèæóºòüñÿ.
Ðîçðîáëåíî ìåòîäè âèçíà÷åííÿ ëåòêèõ õ³ì³÷íèõ ñïîëóê, ì³ãðóþ÷èõ ç ïîë³ìåðíèõ ìàòåð³àë³â òà ê³íåòè÷íà ìîäåëü ïðîãíîçóâàííÿ ¿õí³õ ð³âí³â ó ïîâ³òðÿ ïðèì³ùåíü.

ÊËÞ×β ÑËÎÂÀ:
Ïîë³ìåðí³ ìàòåð³àëè, ìèþ÷³ çàñîáè, õ³ì³÷í³ ÷èííèêè ãîð³ííÿ ïîë³ìåð³â, á³îìîí³òîðèíã ìåòàë³â.

˲ÒÅÐÀÒÓÐÀ:
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2. Voloshchenko ÎI, Kuzmina AI, Medyanik IA. [Hygienic features of household detergents based on cationic surfactants]. In: Hygiene of populated places. Kyiv: Zdorovye. 1979;18:113-6. Russian.
3. Voloshchenko ÎI. [Ways to improve methodological approaches to the hygienic study of synthetic detergents]. In: [Collection of works on household chemicals]. Moscow: NIITEKHIM;1975:3:18-20. Russian.
4. Chekal VN, Voloshchenko OI, Medyanik IA, Kuzmina AI, Voinova TN, Starikova LA. [Hygienic characteristics of some household chemicals and methodological approaches to their study]. In: Hygiene of populated places: Abstracts of reports of the Scientific Conference. Kyiv: Ministry of Health of the Ukrainian SSR, KNIIOKG; 1971:140-2. Russian.
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ÄËß ÖÈÒÓÂÀÍÍß:
Ãîë³÷åíêîâ Î.Ì., Ëÿøåíêî Â.²., Ìàéñòðåíêî Ç.Þ., Êó÷åðåíêî Î.Þ. Ñòàíîâëåííÿ òà ðîçâèòîê äîñë³äæåíü ç áåçïåêè õ³ì³÷íèõ ìàòåð³àë³â òà ïðåïàðàò³â ïîáóòîâî¿ õ³ì³¿ â ÄÓ «²íñòèòóò ãðîìàäñüêîãî çäîðîâ’ÿ ³ì. Î.Ì. Ìàð纺âà ÍÀÌÍ Óêðà¿íè». ó㳺íà íàñåëåíèõ ì³ñöü : çá. íàóê. ïð. Ê., 2023. Âèï. 73. Ñ. 68-73.