Ìåòà. Âèâ÷èòè çàáðóäíåííÿ ïîâåðõíåâèõ âîä íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêò³â Çàêàðïàòñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ ïðîòÿãîì 2022-2023 ðîê³â.
Îá’ºêò ³ ìåòîäè äîñë³äæåííÿ. Îá’ºêòàìè äîñë³äæåííÿ áóëè ïîâåðõíåâ³ âîäè íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêò³â Çàêàðïàòñüêî¿ îáëàñò³. Ïðîàíàë³çîâàíèé ñòàòèñòè÷íèé ìàòåð³àë Çàêàðïàòñüêîãî îáëàñíîãî öåíòðó ç ã³äðîìåòåîðîëî㳿 ùîäî îïåðàö³éíîãî òà ä³àãíîñòè÷íîãî ìîí³òîðèíãó ïîâåðõíåâèõ âîä 34 ñòâîð³â Çàêàðïàòòÿ çã³äíî ç Ïîñòàíîâîþ ÊÌÓ â³ä 19.09.1918 ð., ¹758 «Ïðî çàòâåðäæåííÿ Ïîðÿäêó çä³éñíåííÿ äåðæàâíîãî ìîí³òîðèíãó âîä». Îö³íêà ô³çèêî-õ³ì³÷íèõ ïîêàçíèê³â ÿêîñò³ âîä ð³÷îê íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêò³â Çàêàðïàòñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ çä³éñíþâàëàñü çã³äíî Íàêàçó ̳í³ñòåðñòâà åêîëî㳿 òà ïðèðîäíèõ ðåñóðñ³â Óêðà¿íè â³ä 14.01.2018 ðîêó, ¹5 «Ïðî çàòâåðäæåííÿ Ìåòîäèêè â³äíåñåííÿ ìàñèâó ïîâåðõíåâèõ âîä, à òàêîæ â³äíåñåííÿ øòó÷íîãî àáî ³ñòîòíî çì³íåíîãî ìàñèâó ïîâåðõíåâèõ âîä äî îäíîãî ç êëàñ³â åêîëîã³÷íîãî ïîòåíö³àëó øòó÷íîãî àáî ³ñòîòíî çì³íåíîãî ìàñèâó ïîâåðõíåâèõ âîä». Îòðèìàí³ ìàòåð³àëè îáðîáëåí³ ñòàòèñòè÷íèì ìåòîäîì çà äîïîìîãîþ êîìï’þòåðíî¿ ïðîãðàìè Microsoft Excel.
Ðåçóëüòàòè äîñë³äæåííÿ òà ¿õ îáãîâîðåííÿ. Âñüîãî ïðîòÿãîì 2022-2023 ðîê³â ïðîâåäåíî 3876 âèì³ðþâàíü ô³çèêî-õ³ì³÷íèõ ïîêàçíèê³â ùîäî çàáðóäíåííÿ ïîâåðõíåâèõ âîä íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêò³â Çàêàðïàòñüêî¿ îáëàñò³, ³ç íèõ ïî îïåðàö³éíîìó ìîí³òîðèíãó – 3306 âèì³ðþâàíü öèõ ïîêàçíèê³â ó 174 ïðîáàõ, à ïî ä³àãíîñòè÷íîìó – 570 âèì³ðþâàíü ó 30 ïðîáàõ.
Çàáðóäíåííÿ ïîâåðõíåâèõ âîä íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêò³â Çàêàðïàòñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ â³äáóâàëîñü, â îñíîâíîìó, çà ðàõóíîê ïîïàäàííÿ ó íèõ íåäîñòàòíüî î÷èùåíèõ ñò³÷íèõ âîä, àëå äåÿêó ðîëü ç³ãðàëà ³ íåçíà÷íà ê³ëüê³ñòü àòìîñôåðíèõ îïàä³â, ùî âèïàäàëè ïðîòÿãîì äîñë³äæóâàíèõ ðîê³â.
Äîñë³äæåííÿ ïðîâîäèëèñü ùîì³ñÿ÷íî, ñåðåäí³ çíà÷åííÿ âì³ñòó çàáðóäíþþ÷èõ ðå÷îâèí âèçíà÷àëè ùîêâàðòàëüíî çà äîñë³äæóâàí³ ðîêè. Òàê, çà ðåçóëüòàòàìè ñïîñòåðåæåíü ó âñ³õ êâàðòàëàõ ïðîòÿãîì 2022-2023 ðîê³â, îñíîâíèìè çàáðóäíþâà÷àìè ïîâåðõíåâèõ âîä íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêò³â Çàêàðïàòñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ º àìîí³éí³ ñïîëóêè, à ñàìå: í³òðîãåí àìîí³éíèé, í³òðîãåí í³òðèòíèé òà í³òðîãåí í³òðàòíèé.
Âèñíîâêè.
1. Ñïîñòåð³ãàºòüñÿ çíà÷íå çàáðóäíåííÿ ïîâåðõíåâèõ âîä íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêò³â Çàêàðïàòñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ îðãàí³÷íèìè òà õ³ì³÷íèìè ñïîëóêàìè ïðîòÿãîì 2022-2023 äîñë³äæóâàíèõ ðîê³â.
2. Íàéá³ëüø çàáðóäíåíîþ óïðîäîâæ 2022-2023 ðîê³â âèÿâëåíà âîäà ó ð. Òîâà, ñ. Áàðàíèíö³, ð. Âåðêå, ì. Áåðåãîâà òà Êîñèíî-Áîâòðàäñüêîìó êàíàë³, ñ. Êîñîíü, ó ÿêèõ êîíöåíòðàö³¿ ô³çèêî-õ³ì³÷íèõ ïîêàçíèê³â, òàêèõ ÿê ì³íåðàë³çàö³ÿ, í³òðîãåíó àìîí³éíîãî, í³òðîãåíó í³òðèòíîãî, í³òðîãåíó í³òðàòíîãî òà õëîðèäó-³îíó çíà÷íî ïåðåâèùóâàëè ÃÄÊ.
3. Ðîçðîáëåíî ðÿä çàõîä³â äëÿ çàïîá³ãàííÿ çàáðóäíåííÿ ïîâåðõíåâèõ âîä ð³÷îê Çàêàðïàòñüêî¿ îáëàñò³, à ñàìå, äîñòàòí³ì ô³íàíñóâàííÿì áóä³âíèöòâà ³ ðåêîíñòðóêö³¿ á³ëüøîñò³ îá’ºêò³â êàíàë³çóâàííÿ òà âîäîïîñòà÷àííÿ ìîæíà ï³äâèùèòè ÿê³ñòü ïîâåðõíåâèõ âîä.
4. Äëÿ çàïîá³ãàííÿ çàáðóäíåííÿ ïîâåðõíåâèõ âîä íåîáõ³äíå âò³ëåííÿ â ïðàêòèêó ñó÷àñíèõ òåõíîëîã³é î÷èñòêè ñò³÷íèõ âîä íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêò³â ³ ïðîìèñëîâèõ ï³äïðèºìñòâ, ìîäåðí³çàö³ÿ ³ñíóþ÷èõ òà áóä³âíèöòâà íîâèõ î÷èñíèõ ñïîðóä, à òàêîæ ñèñòåìàòè÷íî ïðîâîäèòè êîìïëåêñ çàõîä³â ùîäî ñàí³òàðíî-ã³ã³ºí³÷íîãî ìîí³òîðèíãó çà ÿê³ñòþ ïîâåðõíåâèõ âîä ð³÷îê Çàêàðïàòñüêî¿ îáëàñò³.

Ïðîáè âîäè, ïîâåðõíåâ³ âîäè, çàáðóäíåííÿ âîäè, ïðîô³ëàêòè÷í³ çàõîäè.

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Ìèêèòà Õ.². Àíàë³ç ñòàíó ïîâåðõíåâèõ âîä íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêò³â Çàêàðïàòñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ ïðîòÿãîì 2022-2023 ðîê³â. ó㳺íà íàñåëåíèõ ì³ñöü : çá. íàóê. ïð. Ê., 2024. Âèï. 74. Ñ. 18-28.