ó㳺íà íàñåëåíèõ ì³ñöü | ISSN: 2707-0441 eISSN: 2707-045X |
Âèïóñê 72, 2022 - Ñòîð³íêè: 58-67
ÀÍÀË²Ç ÑÒÀÍÓ ÇÀÁÐÓÄÍÅÍÍß ÃÐÓÍÒÓ ÍÀÑÅËÅÍÈÕ ÏÓÍÊҲ ÍÈÇÈÍÍÈÕ ÐÀÉÎͲ ÇÀÊÀÐÏÀÒÑÜÊί ÎÁËÀÑÒ²  ÄÈÍÀֲ̲ ÏÐÎÒßÃÎÌ 2017-2021 ÐÎʲÂ
Ìèêèòà Õ.².1, Ðîãà÷ ².Ì.1
1 ÄÂÍÇ «ÓÆÃÎÐÎÄÑÜÊÈÉ ÍÀÖ²ÎÍÀËÜÍÈÉ ÓͲÂÅÐÑÈÒÅÒ»
ÓÄÊ: 613.31 (477.870)
ÀÍÎÒÀÖ²ß:
Ìåòà. Âèâ÷èòè çàáðóäíåííÿ ´ðóíòó íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêò³â íèçèííèõ ðàéîí³â Çàêàðïàòñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ ó äèíàì³ö³ ïðîòÿãîì 2017-2021 ðîê³â.
Îá’ºêò ³ ìåòîäè äîñë³äæåííÿ. Îá’ºêòàìè äîñë³äæåííÿ áóëè íèçèíí³ ðàéîíè Çàêàðïàòñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ (Áåðåã³âñüêèé, Âèíîãðàä³âñüêèé, Ìóêà÷³âñüêèé, Óæãîðîäñüêèé, Ïåðå÷èíñüêèé). Áóâ ïðîâåäåíèé àíàë³ç ñòàòèñòè÷íîãî ìàòåð³àëó ÄÓ «Çàêàðïàòñüêèé îáëàñíèé öåíòð êîíòðîëþ òà ïðîô³ëàêòèêè õâîðîá ÌÎÇ Óêðà¿íè» ùîäî çàáðóäíåííÿ ´ðóíòó íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêò³â íèçèííèõ ðàéîí³â Çàêàðïàòñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ ó äèíàì³ö³ ïðîòÿãîì 2017-2021 ðîê³â. Îòðèìàí³ ìàòåð³àëè îáðîáëåí³ ñòàòèñòè÷íèì ìåòîäîì çà äîïîìîãîþ êîìï’þòåðíî¿ ïðîãðàìè Microsoft Excel.
Ðåçóëüòàòè äîñë³äæåííÿ òà ¿õ îáãîâîðåííÿ. Ïðîâåäåíî ëàáîðàòîðíå äîñë³äæåííÿ â³ä³áðàíèõ ïðîá ´ðóíòó ó íàñåëåíèõ ì³ñöÿõ íèçèííèõ ðàéîí³â Çàêàðïàòñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ (Áåðåã³âñüêîãî, Âèíîãðàä³âñüêîãî, Ìóêà÷³âñüêîãî, Óæãîðîäñüêîãî, Ïåðå÷èíñüêîãî) ó äèíàì³ö³ ïðîòÿãîì 2017-2021 ðîê³â.
Íà îñíîâ³ âèâ÷åíîãî ìàòåð³àëó âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî íåçíà÷íà ê³ëüê³ñòü äîñë³äæåíèõ ïðîá ´ðóíòó, â³ä³áðàíèõ ó íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêòàõ íèçèííèõ ðàéîí³â Çàêàðïàòñüêî¿ îáëàñò³, íå â³äïîâ³äàþòü âèìîãàì Äåðæñòàíäàðòó çà ñàí³òàðíî-õ³ì³÷íèìè òà áàêòåð³îëîã³÷íèìè ïîêàçíèêàìè. Íåâ³äïîâ³äí³ñòü ´ðóíò³â ñàí³òàðíî-ã³ã³ºí³÷íèì íîðìàòèâàì çà ð³çíèìè ïîêàçíèêàìè ïîâ’ÿçàíå ³ç íåäîñòàòí³ì êîíòðîëåì çà âèêîðèñòàííÿì ïåñòèöèä³â ³ ì³íåðàëüíèõ äîáðèâ äëÿ çíåøêîäæåííÿ øê³äíèê³â ³ ï³äâèùåííÿ óðîæàéíîñò³ ñ³ëüñüêîãîñïîäàðñüêèõ êóëüòóð. Ðîçðîáëåíî ðÿä çàõîä³â äëÿ çàïîá³ãàííÿ çàáðóäíåííÿ ´ðóíòó, à òàêîæ ïðîâîäèòüñÿ ìîí³òîðèíã âì³ñòó òîêñè÷íèõ ðå÷îâèí ó îá’ºêòàõ íàâêîëèøíüîãî ïðèðîäíîãî ñåðåäîâèùà òîùî.
Âèñíîâêè.
1. Íåçíà÷íà ê³ëüê³ñòü äîñë³äæåíèõ ïðîá ´ðóíòó, â³ä³áðàíèõ ó íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêòàõ íèçèííèõ ðàéîí³â Çàêàðïàòñüêî¿ îáëàñò³, íå â³äïîâ³äàþòü âèìîãàì Äåðæñòàíäàðòó çà ñàí³òàðíî-õ³ì³÷íèìè òà áàêòåð³îëîã³÷íèìè ïîêàçíèêàìè.
2. Íåâ³äïîâ³äí³ñòü ´ðóíò³â ñàí³òàðíî-ã³ã³ºí³÷íèì íîðìàòèâàì çà ð³çíèìè ïîêàçíèêàìè ïîâ’ÿçàíå ³ç íåäîñòàòí³ì êîíòðîëåì çà âèêîðèñòàííÿì ïåñòèöèä³â ³ ì³íåðàëüíèõ äîáðèâ äëÿ çíåøêîäæåííÿ øê³äíèê³â ³ ï³äâèùåííÿ óðîæàéíîñò³ ñ³ëüñüêîãîñïîäàðñüêèõ êóëüòóð.
3. Ïðîâîäèòè ìîí³òîðèíã âì³ñòó òîêñè÷íèõ ðå÷îâèí ó îá’ºêòàõ íàâêîëèøíüîãî ïðèðîäíîãî ñåðåäîâèùà òîùî.
ÊËÞ×β ÑËÎÂÀ:
Ïðîáè ´ðóíòó, çàáðóäíåííÿ ´ðóíòó, ïðîô³ëàêòè÷í³ çàõîäè.
˲ÒÅÐÀÒÓÐÀ:
1. Talakin YuN, Sergeeva LA, Davydova SF, Pidorenko AI. [The hygienic aspects of the junction heavy metals content in soil and water: the condition of problem and perspective of following investigations]. Environment and Health. 2007;3(42):13-9. Russian.
2. Homonai VI, Chodakovskyi VS, Lobko YuV. [The content of heavy metals in the soils of Uzhhorod]. Scientific Bulletin of the Uzhhorod University. Series «Chemistry». 2005;13:74-6. Ukrainian.
3. Homonai VI, Bohosta AS, Lobko YuV. [Soil pollution in some settlements of Zakarpattia region]. Scientific Bulletin of the Uzhhorod University. Series «Chemistry». 2010;23:73-76. Ukrainian.
4. Grebnyak NÐ, Demenkov VYu, Shelekh HP. [Scientific and methodological aspects of improving sanitary supervision at the current stage]. Vestnik of Hygiene and Epidemiology. 1998;2(1):19-25. Russian.
5. Hryhorenko LV, Shtepa OP, Karasiov YuF, Sotnykov VV, Akulova OV, Shokol ID. [Ecological-hygienic estimation of technogenic pollution of soils by cadmium and lead in the anthropogenic landscafes of Dnipropetrovsk]. Environment and Health. 2009;3(50):34-8. Ukrainian.
6. Hrebniak MP, Hrebniak VP, Yermachenko OB, Pavlovyñh LV. [Soil pollution with chemical elements: risk factors, negative influence on the health condition]. Environment and health. 2007;3(42):22-9. Ukrainian.
7. Kovalchuk OP, Snytynskyi VV, Shkumbatiuk RS. [Monitoring of heavy metals content in soils of the areas surrounding Dobrotvir thermal power plant]. Scientific Bulletin of UNFU. 2017; (27);4:87-90. Ukrainian. doi:
https://doi.org/10.15421/40270419
8. Korshun MM, Filatova IM, Tkachenko II. [Scientific substantiation of the algorithm of estimated hygienic rationing of pesticides in the soil]. Nauk. Visn. Nats. Med. Un-tu im. O.O.Bohomoltsia. 2010;27:135-6. Ukrainian.
9. Koshelnyk MI. [Problematic issues of waste management in Ukraine]. Nauk. Visn. Nats. Med. Un-tu im. O.O.Bohomoltsia. 2010;27:129. Ukrainian.
10. Mykyta KhI, Rohach ²Ì, Koval ÍÌ. [Analysis of the state of soil pollution in Zakarpattia Oblast in dynamics during 2013-2017]. Scientific Bulletin of the Uzhhorod University. Series «Medicine». 2018;2(58):119-24. Ukrainian. doi:
https://doi.org/10.24144/2415-8127.2018.58.119-124
11. Andrusyshyna IM, Holub IO, Demchenko VF, Lampeka OH. [Comparative assessment of heavy metal content in soils of different urban agglomerations: methodological approaches to environmental monitoring]. Environment and Health. 2020;4(97):71-9. Ukrainian. doi:
https://doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2020.04.071
12. Honcharuk YeH, Bardov VH, Harkavyi SI, Yavorovskyi OP, Akimenko VY, Bushtuieva KA, et al. [Sanitary soil protection and cleaning of populated areas]. Komunalna Hihiyena. Zdorovia. [Communal Hygiene. Health]. 2000:327-412. Ukrainian.
13. Sytnyk KM, Bahniuk VM. [Soil condition and the future of mankind]. Visnyk of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. 2008;8:3-25. Ukrainian.
14. Fedoriuk MD. [Ecological and economic assessment of the use of land resources of the Carpathian region]. Bulletin of Agricultural Science. 2005;1:58-60. Ukrainian.
ÄËß ÖÈÒÓÂÀÍÍß:
Ìèêèòà Õ.²., Ðîãà÷ ².Ì. Àíàë³ç ñòàíó çàáðóäíåííÿ ´ðóíòó íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêò³â íèçèííèõ ðàéîí³â çàêàðïàòñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ â äèíàì³ö³ ïðîòÿãîì 2017-2021 ðîê³â. ó㳺íà íàñåëåíèõ ì³ñöü : çá. íàóê. ïð. Ê., 2022. Âèï. 72. Ñ. 58-67.