Ñòàòòÿ àíàë³çóº ì³æíàðîäíèé äîñâ³ä òà éîãî â³äì³ííîñò³ â³ä ³ñíóþ÷î¿ â Óêðà¿í³ ñèñòåìè êîíòðîëþ ïðèðîäíèõ ðàä³îíóêë³ä³â (ÏÐÍ) â áóä³âåëüíèõ ìàòåð³àëàõ òà êîíñòðóêö³ÿõ â êîíòåêñò³ ðåàë³çàö³¿ äåðæàâíî¿ ïîë³òèêè ñòîñîâíî çìåíøåííÿ îïðîì³íåííÿ íàñåëåííÿ.
Ìåòà. Àíàë³ç íîðìàòèâíî-ïðàâîâî¿ áàçè òà ì³æíàðîäíèõ ñòàíäàðò³â ùîäî çàáåçïå÷åííÿ ñó÷àñíî¿ òà åôåêòèâíî¿ ñèñòåìè ðàä³àö³éíîãî çàõèñòó íàñåëåííÿ â³ä îïðîì³íåííÿ ÏÐÍ, ÿê³ ì³ñòÿòüñÿ â áóä³âåëüíèõ ìàòåð³àëàõ òà êîíñòðóêö³ÿõ.
Ðîçãëÿíóòî òà ïðîàíàë³çîâàíî âèìîãè ì³æíàðîäíî¿ íîðìàòèâíî-ïðàâîâî¿ áàçè (ÌÀÃÀÒÅ, Äèðåêòèâè ªâðàòîìó) ùîäî âì³ñòó ÏÐÍ â áóä³âåëüíèõ ìàòåð³àëàõ òà êîíñòðóêö³ÿõ, à òàêîæ äîñâ³ä ¿õ ðåàë³çàö³¿ íà ïðàêòèö³, ñó÷àñí³ âæèâàí³ ìåõàí³çìè êîíòðîëþ öüîãî äæåðåëà ºâðîïåéñüêèìè êðà¿íàìè.
Âñòàíîâëåíî îñíîâí³ ïîëîæåííÿ ùîäî ³ìïëåìåíòàö³¿ âèìîã BSS ³ Äèðåêòèâè Ðàäè 2013/59/Euratom äåðæàâàìè-÷ëåíàìè ªÑ òà ³íøèìè êðà¿íàìè, ÿê³ ñòîñóþòüñÿ çìåíøåííÿ äîç îïðîì³íåííÿ íàñåëåííÿ â³ä ÏÐÍ, òà ãàðìîí³çàö³¿ öèõ âèìîã äî â³äïîâ³äíîãî ð³âíÿ êîíòðîëþ ÏÐÍ ó ì³íåðàëüí³é ñèðîâèí³, áóä³âåëüíèõ ìàòåð³àëàõ òà êîíñòðóêö³ÿõ.
Íàâåäåíî ³íôîðìàö³þ ïðî îñíîâí³ ì³æíàðîäí³ ìåõàí³çìè òà ïðîãðàìè, ÿê³ áóëè ðîçðîáëåí³ òà çàïðîâàäæåí³ â ªÑ òà íåôîðìàëüí³ ì³æíàðîäí³ îðãàí³çàö³¿ (ªâðîïåéñüêà àñîö³àö³ÿ NORM – ENA, HERCA – Ãîëîâè ºâðîïåéñüêèõ êîìïåòåíòíèõ îðãàí³â ðàä³îëîã³÷íîãî çàõèñòó, IRPA – ̳æíàðîäíà Àñîö³àö³ÿ Ðàä³àö³éíîãî Çàõèñòó), ÿê³ êîîðäèíóþòü ì³æíàðîäíó ñï³âïðàöþ â ö³é ãàëóç³.
Çä³éñíåíî àíàë³ç ³íôîðìàö³¿ ïðî ñåðåäí³ ñâ³òîâ³ ïèòîì³ àêòèâíîñò³ ÏÐÍ ó îá’ºêòàõ íàâêîëèøíüîãî ñåðåäîâèùà, âêëþ÷íî ç ì³íåðàëüíîþ ñèðîâèíîþ òà áóä³âåëüíèìè ìàòåð³àëàìè.
Âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî ïèòîì³ àêòèâíîñò³ ÏÐÍ çàëåæàòü â³ä òèïó îñíîâíî¿ áóä³âåëüíî¿ ñèðîâèíè òà õ³ì³÷íèõ äîì³øîê, ÿê³ âèêîðèñòîâóþòüñÿ ïðè ¿¿ âèãîòîâëåíí³, ³ ìîæóòü âàð³þâàòè â³ä 40 äî 2600 Áê/êã.
Ïðîâåäåíî àíàë³ç ÷èííîãî çàêîíîäàâñòâà òà íîðìàòèâíî¿ áàçè Óêðà¿íè ùîäî îáìåæåííÿ îïðîì³íåííÿ ÏÐÍ â áóä³âåëüí³é ãàëóç³ â êîíòåêñò³ ¿¿ â³äïîâ³äíîñò³ ì³æíàðîäíèì âèìîãàì.
Âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî ³ñíóº íàãàëüíà ïîòðåáà ó ðîçðîáö³ íîðìàòèâíèõ äîêóìåíò³â, ìåòîäèê, ðåêîìåíäàö³é ùîäî áóä³âíèöòâà òà ðåêîíñòðóêö³¿ áóäèíê³â.
Âèñíîâîê. Äîçîâ³ ï³äõîäè ùîäî îáìåæåííÿ îïðîì³íåííÿ íàñåëåííÿ ïðèðîäíèìè äæåðåëàìè â ³ñíóþ÷³é ñèòóàö³¿ îêðåñëèëè äâ³ ïðîáëåìè, ÿê³ íåâðåãóëüîâàí³ óêðà¿íñüêèìè ÍÏÀ: êîíòðîëü îïðîì³íåííÿ íàñåëåííÿ, îáóìîâëåíèé ÏÐÍ â áóä³âåëüíèõ ìàòåð³àëàõ òà êîíñòðóêö³ÿõ òà âèìîãè äî îáìåæåííÿ îïðîì³íåííÿ íà ðîáî÷èõ ì³ñöÿõ.

Ïðèðîäí³ ðàä³îíóêë³äè, áóä³âåëüí³ ìàòåð³àëè, ì³íåðàëüíà ñèðîâèíà, äîçà îïðîì³íåííÿ, ðàä³àö³éíèé çàõèñò, íîðìàòèâí³ äîêóìåíòè.

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