| ó㳺íà íàñåëåíèõ ì³ñöü | ISSN: 2707-0441 eISSN: 2707-045X |
Âèïóñê 72, 2022 - Ñòîð³íêè: 84-89
òòªÍ²×ÍÀ ÕÀÐÀÊÒÅÐÈÑÒÈÊÀ ÅËÅÊÒÐÎÌÀÃͲÒÍί ÎÁÑÒÀÍÎÂÊÈ, ÙÎ ÑÒÂÎÐÞªÒÜÑß ÀÍÒÅÍÀÌÈ ÁÀÇÎÂÈÕ ÑÒÀÍÖ²É ÌÎÁ²ËÜÍÎÃÎ ÇÂ’ßÇÊÓ Â ×ÅÐͲòÂÑÜÊ²É ÎÁËÀÑÒ², ÄÎ ² ϲÑËß ÂÏÐÎÂÀÄÆÅÍÍß ÒÅÕÍÎËÎò¯ 4G
Ãàëàê Ñ.Ñ.1, Áåçâåðõà À.Ï.1, Äóìàíñüêèé Â.Þ.1, ͳê³ò³íà Í.Ã.1, Á³òê³í Ñ.Â.1, Çîòîâ Ñ.Â.1
1 ÄÓ "²ÍÑÒÈÒÓÒ ÃÐÎÌÀÄÑÜÊÎÃÎ ÇÄÎÐÎÂ'ß ²Ì. Î.Ì. ÌÀÐǪªÂÀ ÍÀÌÍÓ"
ÓÄÊ: 613.168:648.2:351.777.8
ÀÍÎÒÀÖ²ß:
Äàíà ðîáîòà º ÷àñòèíîþ íàøèõ äîñë³äæåíü ç âèâ÷åííÿ ðîçïîä³ëó åëåêòðîìàãí³òíîãî âèïðîì³íþâàííÿ â³ä áàçîâèõ ñòàíö³é ìîá³ëüíîãî çâ’ÿçêó â íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêòàõ.
Ìåòîþ ðîáîòè áóëî âèâ÷èòè òà ïðîàíàë³çóâàòè åëåêòðîìàãí³òíó ñèòóàö³þ äî òà ï³ñëÿ âïðîâàäæåííÿ òåõíîëî㳿 ÷åòâåðòîãî ïîêîë³ííÿ 4G íà áàçîâèõ ñòàíö³ÿõ ìîá³ëüíîãî çâ’ÿçêó íà òåðèòî𳿠×åðí³ã³âñüêî¿ îáëàñò³.
Ìàòåð³àëè òà ìåòîäè. Áóëî ïðîàíàë³çîâàíî ìàêñèìàëüí³ òà ñåðåäí³ ð³âí³ åëåêòðîìàãí³òíîãî âèïðîì³íþâàííÿ áàçîâèõ ñòàíö³é ìîá³ëüíîãî çâ’ÿçêó, ðîçòàøîâàíèõ ó ×åðí³ã³âñüê³é îáëàñò³, ÿê ó ì³ñòàõ, òàê ³ â ñ³ëüñüê³é ì³ñöåâîñò³. Äëÿ ñòàòèñòè÷íîãî àíàë³çó òà ðîçðàõóíê³â áóëî âèêîðèñòàíî ïðîãðàìíå çàáåçïå÷åííÿ STATISTICA 10.
Ðåçóëüòàòè. Âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî ï³ñëÿ âïðîâàäæåííÿ òåõíîëî㳿 4G íà áàçîâèõ ñòàíö³ÿõ ìîá³ëüíîãî çâ’ÿçêó â ×åðí³ã³âñüê³é îáëàñò³, ìåä³àíà ìàêñèìàëüíèõ ð³âí³â ÅÌ çá³ëüøèëàñü íà 151,9% (çîêðåìà, íà òåðèòî𳿠ì³ñò íà 93,0%), à ñåðåäí³õ – íà 127,0% (çîêðåìà, íà òåðèòî𳿠ì³ñò íà 58,5%). Æîäíèõ âèïàäê³â ïåðåâèùåíü ãðàíè÷íî äîïóñòèìèõ ð³âí³â ÅÌ ÿê äî, òàê ³ ï³ñëÿ ìîäåðí³çàö³¿ áàçîâèõ ñòàíö³é, âèÿâëåíî íå áóëî.
Òàêîæ áóëî âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî ï³ñëÿ ìîäåðí³çàö³¿ áàçîâèõ ñòàíö³é ìàêñèìàëüí³ ³ ñåðåäí³ ð³âí³ ÅÌ ó 21,9% âèïàäê³â ïåðåâèùóâàëè ãðàíè÷íî äîïóñòèìèé ð³âåíü, ùî ä³ÿâ äî 2017 ðîêó – 2,5 ìêÂò/ñì2.
Âèñíîâêè. Âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî ï³ñëÿ âïðîâàäæåííÿ íà áàçîâèõ ñòàíö³ÿõ ìîá³ëüíîãî çâ’ÿçêó òåõíîëî㳿 ÷åòâåðòîãî ïîêîë³ííÿ 4G, ð³âí³ åëåêòðîìàãí³òíîãî âèïðîì³íþâàííÿ â ×åðí³ã³âñüê³é îáëàñò³ çíà÷íî çðîñëè. Äîâåäåíî â³äñóòí³ñòü ïåðåäóìîâ äëÿ ï³äâèùåííÿ ãðàíè÷íî äîïóñòèìîãî ð³âíÿ äî 100 ìêÂò/ñì2 ïðè âïðîâàäæåíí³ òåõíîëî㳿 4G íà ìîá³ëüíèõ áàçîâèõ ñòàíö³ÿõ.
Ìåòîþ ðîáîòè áóëî âèâ÷èòè òà ïðîàíàë³çóâàòè åëåêòðîìàãí³òíó ñèòóàö³þ äî òà ï³ñëÿ âïðîâàäæåííÿ òåõíîëî㳿 ÷åòâåðòîãî ïîêîë³ííÿ 4G íà áàçîâèõ ñòàíö³ÿõ ìîá³ëüíîãî çâ’ÿçêó íà òåðèòî𳿠×åðí³ã³âñüêî¿ îáëàñò³.
Ìàòåð³àëè òà ìåòîäè. Áóëî ïðîàíàë³çîâàíî ìàêñèìàëüí³ òà ñåðåäí³ ð³âí³ åëåêòðîìàãí³òíîãî âèïðîì³íþâàííÿ áàçîâèõ ñòàíö³é ìîá³ëüíîãî çâ’ÿçêó, ðîçòàøîâàíèõ ó ×åðí³ã³âñüê³é îáëàñò³, ÿê ó ì³ñòàõ, òàê ³ â ñ³ëüñüê³é ì³ñöåâîñò³. Äëÿ ñòàòèñòè÷íîãî àíàë³çó òà ðîçðàõóíê³â áóëî âèêîðèñòàíî ïðîãðàìíå çàáåçïå÷åííÿ STATISTICA 10.
Ðåçóëüòàòè. Âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî ï³ñëÿ âïðîâàäæåííÿ òåõíîëî㳿 4G íà áàçîâèõ ñòàíö³ÿõ ìîá³ëüíîãî çâ’ÿçêó â ×åðí³ã³âñüê³é îáëàñò³, ìåä³àíà ìàêñèìàëüíèõ ð³âí³â ÅÌ çá³ëüøèëàñü íà 151,9% (çîêðåìà, íà òåðèòî𳿠ì³ñò íà 93,0%), à ñåðåäí³õ – íà 127,0% (çîêðåìà, íà òåðèòî𳿠ì³ñò íà 58,5%). Æîäíèõ âèïàäê³â ïåðåâèùåíü ãðàíè÷íî äîïóñòèìèõ ð³âí³â ÅÌ ÿê äî, òàê ³ ï³ñëÿ ìîäåðí³çàö³¿ áàçîâèõ ñòàíö³é, âèÿâëåíî íå áóëî.
Òàêîæ áóëî âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî ï³ñëÿ ìîäåðí³çàö³¿ áàçîâèõ ñòàíö³é ìàêñèìàëüí³ ³ ñåðåäí³ ð³âí³ ÅÌ ó 21,9% âèïàäê³â ïåðåâèùóâàëè ãðàíè÷íî äîïóñòèìèé ð³âåíü, ùî ä³ÿâ äî 2017 ðîêó – 2,5 ìêÂò/ñì2.
Âèñíîâêè. Âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî ï³ñëÿ âïðîâàäæåííÿ íà áàçîâèõ ñòàíö³ÿõ ìîá³ëüíîãî çâ’ÿçêó òåõíîëî㳿 ÷åòâåðòîãî ïîêîë³ííÿ 4G, ð³âí³ åëåêòðîìàãí³òíîãî âèïðîì³íþâàííÿ â ×åðí³ã³âñüê³é îáëàñò³ çíà÷íî çðîñëè. Äîâåäåíî â³äñóòí³ñòü ïåðåäóìîâ äëÿ ï³äâèùåííÿ ãðàíè÷íî äîïóñòèìîãî ð³âíÿ äî 100 ìêÂò/ñì2 ïðè âïðîâàäæåíí³ òåõíîëî㳿 4G íà ìîá³ëüíèõ áàçîâèõ ñòàíö³ÿõ.
ÊËÞ×β ÑËÎÂÀ:
Åëåêòðîìàãí³òíå âèïðîì³íþâàííÿ, áàçîâ³ ñòàíö³¿ ìîá³ëüíîãî çâ’ÿçêó, 4G.
˲ÒÅÐÀÒÓÐÀ:
1. Moskalenko VF, Gulchiy OP, Colubchikov MV. [Biostatistics]. Kyiv: Knigaplus; 2009. 184 p. Ukrainian.
2. [Order of MH Ukraine from 01.08.1996 N 239. State sanitary norms and rules of protection of the population from influence of electromagnetic radiation]. Kyiv; 1996. Ukrainian. Available from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0488-96#Text
3. [Order of MH Ukraine from 29.11.2013 N 1040. Method of calculating the distribution of electromagnetic field levels]. Kyiv; 2013. Ukrainian. Available from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z2130-13#Text
4. Singh K, Nagaraj A, Yousuf A, Ganta S, Pareek S, Vishnani P. Effect of electromagnetic radiations from mobile phone base stations on general health and salivary function. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2016;6:54 9. doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/2231-0762.175413
5. Bogers R, van Gils A, Clahsen S, Vercruijsse W, van Kamp I, Baliatsas C et al. Individual variation in temporal relationships between exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields and non-specific physical symptoms: A new approach in studying ‘electrosensitivity’. Environment International. 2018;121:297-307. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.08.064
6. Falcioni L, Bua L, Tibaldi E, Lauriola M, De Angelis L, Gnudi F, Mandrioli D, Manservigi M, Manservisi F, Manzoli I, et al. Report of final results regarding brain and heart tumors in Sprague Dawley rats exposed from prenatal life until natural death to mobile phone radiofrequency field representative of a 1.8 GHz GSM base station environmental emission. Environ Res. 2018;165:496-503. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.037
7. National Toxicology Program: NTP technical report on the toxicology and carcinogenesis studies in Hsd: Sprague Dawley sd rats exposed to whole body radio frequency radiation at a frequency (900 MHz) and modulations (GSM and CDMA) used by cell phones. NTP TR 595. 2018 March 26 28. doi: https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-TR-595
8. National Toxicology Program: NTP technical report on the toxicology and carcinogenesis studies in B6C3F1/N mice exposed to whole body radio frequency radiation at a frequency (1,900 MHz) and modulations (GSM and CDMA) used by cell phones. NTP TR 596. 2018 March 26 28. doi: https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-TR-596
9. Rodrigues NCP, Dode AC, de Noronha Andrade MK, O’Dwyer G, Monteiro DLM, Reis INC, et al. The Effect of Continuous Low-Intensity Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields from Radio Base Stations to Cancer Mortality in Brazil. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health [Internet]. MDPI AG; 2021 Jan 29;18(3):1229. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031229
10. Halak S, Dumansky V, Nikitina N, Bitkin S, Bezverkha A. [Hygienic characteristic of the electromagnetic situation created by the electromagnetic radiation of the antennas of mobile base stations in Cherkasy region before and after the introduction of 4G technology]. Med. perspekt. [Internet]. 2021 Dec 20 [cited 2022 Aug 17];26(4):161-5. Ukrainian. doi: https://doi.org/10.26641/2307-0404.2021.4.248215
ÄËß ÖÈÒÓÂÀÍÍß:
Ãàëàê Ñ.Ñ., Áåçâåðõà À.Ï., Äóìàíñüêèé Â.Þ., ͳê³ò³íà Í.Ã., Á³òê³í Ñ.Â., Çîòîâ Ñ.Â. ó㳺í³÷íà õàðàêòåðèñòèêà åëåêòðîìàãí³òíî¿ îáñòàíîâêè, ùî ñòâîðþºòüñÿ àíòåíàìè áàçîâèõ ñòàíö³é ìîá³ëüíîãî çâ’ÿçêó â ×åðí³ã³âñüê³é îáëàñò³, äî ³ ï³ñëÿ âïðîâàäæåííÿ òåõíîëî㳿 4G. ó㳺íà íàñåëåíèõ ì³ñöü : çá. íàóê. ïð. Ê., 2022. Âèï. 72. Ñ. 84-89.