Àêóñòè÷íèé ñòàí æèòëà ïðåäñòàâëÿº ñîáîþ åíåðãåòè÷íó ñóìó ð³âí³â çâóê³â êîìïëåêñ³â çîâí³øí³õ òà âíóòð³øí³õ äæåðåë, ÿê³ ïîòðåáóþòü ïåâíèõ îáìåæåíü ¿õ àêóñòè÷íèõ õàðàêòåðèñòèê, ùîá çàáåçïå÷èòè â æèòë³ êîìôîðòí³ óìîâè ïðîæèâàííÿ. Íà àêóñòè÷íèé ñòàí æèòëà ìîæóòü âïëèâàòè íàñòóïí³ îñíîâí³ ãðóïè äæåðåë ÿê³ ìîæóòü â ä³ÿòè â ð³çíèõ êîìá³íàö³ÿõ: àâòîòðàíñïîðòí³ ïîòîêè, ïîòîêè çàë³çíè÷íîãî òðàíñïîðòó, ë³òàêè öèâ³ëüíî¿ àâ³àö³¿, ïîáóòîâà òåõí³êà, øóìè â³ä ñóñ³ä³â, ³íæåíåðíå îáëàäíàííÿ áóäèíê³â òà âáóäîâàíèõ îá’ºêò³â, ð³çíîìàí³òí³ âèðîáíè÷³ îá’ºêòè.
Ìåòîþ äàíî¿ ðîáîòè áóëî ðîçðîáèòè ìåòîäè÷í³ ï³äõîäè äî ðîçðàõóíêó âíåñêó øóìó àâòîòðàíñïîðòó â ñóìàðíå àêóñòè÷íå íàâàíòàæåííÿ íàñåëåííÿ ó æèòë³.
Îá’ºêò ³ ìåòîäè äîñë³äæåííÿ. Àêóñòè÷íå íàâàíòàæåííÿ íà íàñåëåííÿ ó æèòëîâèõ ïðèì³ùåííÿõ çóìîâëåíå 䳺þ øóìó àâòîòðàíñïîðòó. Àêóñòè÷í³ ðîçðàõóíêè.
Ðåçóëüòàòè òà ¿õ îáãîâîðåííÿ. Âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî äëÿ äàíî¿ ìåòè, çà îñíîâó, ìîæå áóòè çàñòîñîâàíà ôîðìóëà ðîçðàõóíêó ð³âíÿ çâóêîâîãî âïëèâó (Sound Exposure Level (SEL)) çã³äíî ç ISO 1996-1:2016(en).
Ìåòîäèêà ïîâèííà âêëþ÷àòè íàñòóïí³ îñíîâí³ åòàïè:
1. Âèçíà÷èòèñÿ ç ãðóïàìè äæåðåë øóìó, ÿê³ ôîðìóþòü àêóñòè÷íå íàâàíòàæåííÿ ó æèòë³ ó êîíêðåòíîìó âèïàäêó.
2. Âèçíà÷èòèñÿ ç àêóñòè÷íèìè õàðàêòåðèñòèêàìè àâòîòðàíñïîðòíîãî ïîòîêó.
3. Âèçíà÷èòè øëÿõîì âèì³ð³â àáî ðîçðàõóíê³â åêâ³âàëåíòíèé ð³âåíü çâóêó â³ä àâòîòðàíñïîðòíîãî ïîòîêó íà ïðèëåãë³é äî áóäèíêó òåðèòî𳿠çà äåííèé àáî í³÷íèé ÷àñ äîáè.
4. Âèçíà÷èòè øëÿõîì âèì³ð³â àáî ðîçðàõóíê³â åêâ³âàëåíòíèé ð³âåíü çâóêó â³ä àâòîòðàíñïîðòíîãî ïîòîêó ó æèòë³ (çà äåííèé àáî í³÷íèé ÷àñ äîáè).
5. Âèçíà÷èòèñÿ ç ÷àñîì îö³íêè (äåííèé àáî í³÷íèé).
6. Âèçíà÷èòè åêâ³âàëåíòí³ ð³âí³ îêðåìèõ äæåðåë â êîæí³é ãðóï³ çà ÷àñ âïëèâó.
7. Âèçíà÷èòè ð³âí³ çâóêîâî¿ åêñïîçèö³¿ îêðåìèõ äæåðåë â êîæí³é ãðóï³ çà ÷àñ îö³íêè.
8. Âèçíà÷èòè ñóìàðí³ åêâ³âàëåíòí³ ð³âí³ êîæíî¿ ãðóïè äæåðåë çà ÷àñ îö³íêè.
9. Âèçíà÷èòè ñóìàðí³ åêâ³âàëåíòí³ ð³âí³ âñ³õ ãðóï äæåðåë çà ÷àñ îö³íêè.
10. Âèçíà÷èòè â³äñîòêîâèé âíåñîê îêðåìèõ ãðóï äæåðåë ó ôîðìóâàííÿ ñóìàðíîãî ð³âíÿ çâóêîâî¿ åêñïîçèö³¿.
Âèñíîâêè. Äàíà ìåòîäèêà ìîæå áóòè âèêîðèñòàíà äëÿ: âèçíà÷åííÿ âíåñêó øóìó àâòîòðàíñïîðòíèõ ïîòîê³â ó ôîðìóâàííÿ àêóñòè÷íîãî íàâàíòàæåííÿ íàñåëåííÿ ó æèòë³; âèçíà÷åííÿ çàêîíîì³ðíîñòåé ôîðìóâàííÿ øóìîâîãî íàâàíòàæåííÿ íàñåëåííÿ â óìîâàõ ïðîæèâàííÿ; ïðèéíÿòòÿ óïðàâë³íñüêèõ ð³øåíü ïðè ðîçðîáö³ çàõîä³â ç³ çìåíøåííÿ àêóñòè÷íîãî íàâàíòàæåííÿ íà íàñåëåííÿ.

Àêóñòè÷íå íàâàíòàæåííÿ, ð³âåíü çâóêîâîãî âïëèâó, åêâ³âàëåíòíèé ð³âåíü çâóêó, àâòîòðàíñïîðòíèé ïîò³ê, çâóêîâà åêñïîçèö³ÿ.

1. European Environment Agency. Environmental noise in Europe – 2020. Copenhagen: European Environment Agency; 2020. 100 p. Available from: https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/analysis/publications/environmental-noise-in-europe

2. World Health Organization. Environmental noise guidelines for the European region. Copenhagen: World Health Organization; 2018. 181 p. Available from: https://iris.who.int/server/api/core/bitstreams/f53c45ba-11d3-4502-a424-c1cf49f5a053/content

3. World Health Organization. Night noise guidelines for Europe. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2009. Available from: https://www.who.int/europe/publications/i/item/9789289041737

4. International Organization for Standardization. ISO 1996-1:2016(en) Acoustics — Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise – Part 1: Basic quantities and assessment procedures. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization; 2016. Available from: https://www.iso.org/standard/59765.html

5. SSU N B V.1.1-33:2013. [Guidelines for calculating and designing noise protection for residential areas]. Kyiv: Derzhspozhyvstandart Ukrainy; 2013.

6. SSU N B V.1.1-35:2013. [Guidance on calculating noise levels in premises and areas]. Kyiv: Derzhspozhyvstandart Ukrainy; 2013.