Ìåòà. Âèçíà÷èòè ð³âåíü çàáðóäíåííÿ ñâèíöåì æèòòºçàáåçïå÷óþ÷èõ îá’ºêò³â äîâê³ëëÿ òà âíóòð³øíüîãî ñåðåäîâèùà îðãàí³çìó ëþäèíè â óìîâàõ ïðîìèñëîâèõ ðåã³îí³â.
Îá’ºêò ³ ìåòîäè äîñë³äæåííÿ. Ïðîâåäåíî àíàë³ç âì³ñòó ñâèíöþ ó æèòòºçàáåçïå÷óþ÷èõ îá’ºêòàõ äîâê³ëëÿ – àòìîñôåðíîìó ïîâ³òð³, ïèòí³é âîä³ òà õàð÷îâèõ ïðîäóêòàõ ïðîìèñëîâèõ ì³ñò Äí³ïðîïåòðîâñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ – ì. Äí³ïðî, ì. Êðèâèé гã, ì. Êàì’ÿíñüêå. Çä³éñíåíî êë³í³êî-ã³ã³ºí³÷íó îö³íêó âì³ñòó ìåòàëó ó á³îñóáñòðàòàõ êë³í³÷íî çäîðîâîãî ïðàöåçäàòíîãî íàñåëåííÿ îáîõ ñòàòåé ì. Äí³ïðî çà ïåð³îä 2022-2024 ðð. Îö³íêó îòðèìàíèõ äàíèõ ïðîâîäèëè â³äïîâ³äíî äî âèìîã ÷èííîãî çàêîíîäàâñòâà, ì³æíàðîäíèõ ðåêîìåíäàö³é òà ðåôåðåíòíèõ êîíöåíòðàö³é, äàíèõ íàóêîâî¿ ë³òåðàòóðè.
Ðåçóëüòàòè äîñë³äæåííÿ òà ¿õ îáãîâîðåííÿ. Âñòàíîâëåíî, ùî êîíöåíòðàö³¿ ñâèíöþ â àòìîñôåðíîìó ïîâ³òð³ òà ïèòí³é âîä³ íàéá³ëüøèõ ïðîìèñëîâèõ ì³ñò Äí³ïðîïåòðîâñüêî¿ îáëàñò³ çàõîäÿòüñÿ â ìåæàõ íîðìàòèâíîãî ð³âíÿ çà ñåðåäíüîð³÷íèìè êîíöåíòðàö³ÿìè. Âì³ñò ñâèíöþ ó ð³çíèõ ãðóïàõ õàð÷îâèõ ïðîäóêò³â çà ñåðåäí³ìè çíà÷åííÿìè êîëèâàºòüñÿ â ìåæàõ 0,057-0,471 ìã/êã, ùî íå ïåðåâèùóº ã³ã³ºí³÷í³ íîðìàòèâè, îäíàê ìàêñèìàëüí³ êîíöåíòðàö³¿ ìåòàëó â îêðåìèõ ãðóïàõ ïðîäóêò³â õàð÷óâàííÿ ïåðåâèùóþòü ÷èíí³ ðåãëàìåíòè ó 1,2-3,3 ðàçè. Ïðè öüîìó ðîçðàõîâàíèé íàìè ð³âåíü ñóìàðíîãî äîáîâîãî íàäõîäæåííÿ ñâèíöþ ñêëàäຠ0,24 ìã çà ñåðåäí³ìè çíà÷åííÿìè, ùî íà ïîðÿäîê âèùå ïîð³âíÿíî ç ìàêñèìàëüíî áåçïå÷íèìè ð³âíÿìè âïëèâó â³äïîâ³äíî äî ðåêîìåíäàö³é FDA òà EPA. Òàêà ñèòóàö³ÿ îáóìîâëþº ï³äâèùåííÿ âì³ñòó êñåíîá³îòèêà â îðãàí³çì³, ùî ï³äòâåðäæåíî ðåçóëüòàòàìè á³îìîí³òîðèíãó. Íåçâàæàþ÷è íà â³äíîñíå ñàí³òàðíî-ã³ã³ºí³÷íå áëàãîïîëó÷÷ÿ îá’ºêò³â äîâê³ëëÿ, êîíöåíòðàö³ÿ ñâèíöþ ó á³îñóáñòðàòàõ ïðàöåçäàòíîãî íàñåëåííÿ ïåðåâèùóº ðåôåðåíòí³ çíà÷åííÿ òà äîñë³äæåííÿ ó çîí³ åêîëîãî-ãåîõ³ì³÷íîãî îïòèìóìó. Îòðèìàí³ äàí³ óçãîäæóþòüñÿ ç ðåçóëüòàòàìè äîñë³äæåíü ³íøèõ â÷åíèõ ùîäî ï³äâèùåííÿ âì³ñòó òîêñè÷íèõ òà ïîòåíö³éíî òîêñè÷íèõ ìåòàë³â ó á³îñóáñòðàòàõ ìåøêàíö³â ïðîìèñëîâî ðîçâèíóòèõ òåðèòîð³é, âëàñíèìè äàíèìè ïîïåðåäíüîãî ïåð³îäó ñïîñòåðåæåííÿ òà ñâ³ä÷àòü ïðî ïîñò³éíèé ð³âåíü âíóòð³øíüîãî çàáðóäíåííÿ îðãàí³çìó ëþäèíè, ùî ïðîæèâຠâ óìîâàõ òåõíîãåííîãî íàâàíòàæåííÿ.
Âèñíîâêè. Ïðîâåäåí³ äîñë³äæåííÿ äîçâîëèëè âèÿâèòè ñïåöèô³êó çàáðóäíåííÿ ñâèíöåì æèòòºçàáåçïå÷óþ÷èõ îá’ºêò³â íàâêîëèøíüîãî ñåðåäîâèùà â óìîâàõ Äí³ïðîïåòðîâñüêî¿ îáëàñò³, âñòàíîâèòè òåðèòîð³àëüíî-÷àñîâ³ îñîáëèâîñò³ çàáðóäíåííÿ ñâèíöåì àòìîñôåðíîãî ïîâ³òðÿ, ïèòíî¿ âîäè òà ïðîäóêò³â õàð÷óâàííÿ, à òàêîæ äîñèòü çíà÷íèé ð³âåíü âíóòð³øíüîãî çàáðóäíåííÿ îðãàí³çìó ëþäèíè, ùî ñòàíîâèòü ïîòåíö³éíó çàãðîçó äëÿ çäîðîâ’ÿ ëþäèíè ÿê íà ³íäèâ³äóàëüíîìó, òàê ³ ïîïóëÿö³éíîìó ð³âíÿõ.
Îòðèìàí³ ðåçóëüòàòè º âàæëèâîþ ³íôîðìàö³éíîþ áàçîþ äëÿ óäîñêîíàëåííÿ ìîí³òîðèíãó îá’ºêò³â äîâê³ëëÿ òà á³îìîí³òîðèíãó, ñâîº÷àñíîãî ïðîãíîçóâàííÿ éìîâ³ðíîãî ïîã³ðøåííÿ ñòàíó çäîðîâ’ÿ çà âïëèâó ìàëèõ äîç ñâèíöþ, ðîçðîáêè êîìïëåêñó ïðîô³ëàêòè÷íèõ çàõîä³â.

Ñâèíåöü, âàæê³ ìåòàëè, çàáðóäíåííÿ, á³îìîí³òîðèíã, ðèçèê, âïëèâ, íàâêîëèøíº ñåðåäîâèùå.

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