| Hygiene of populated places | ISSN: 2707-0441 eISSN: 2707-045X |
Issue 72, 2022 - Pages: 124-135
BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF MEDICINAL PLANTS – AS A BASIC COMPONENT OF FOOD ADDITIVES. SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS
V.I. Lyashenko1, O.M. Holichenkov1, N.V. Ostanina1, E.M. Kuznetsova1, Ì.G. Levin1, V.V. Bryazkalo,1, Z.Y. Maystrenko1
1 STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU
SUMMÀRY:
The state policy of Ukraine in the sphere of providing the population with effective food additives provides for an in-depth study of all their components in order to prevent their negative impact on the health of the population.
The purpose of the work is to summarize the data known in the literature on the chemical composition of plant raw materials and scientific data on their biological activity and methods of their analytical detection.
The unique pharmacological properties of nutritional supplements based on medicinal plants are due to the complex nature of the action of biologically active compounds that are part of both primary (sugars, oligo- and polysaccharides, organic and mineral acids, lipids, lipoids, vitamins, enzymes, minerals) and secondary metabolites (steroids - phytosterols, cardiosteroids, steroid sapogenins), (terpenoids - iridoids, components of essential oils, resins, triterpenoids, carotenoids, rubber), (phenolic compounds - simple phenols and their derivatives, anthracene derivatives, tannins) and alkaloids.
The complex of these compounds exhibits photosensitizing, spasmolytic, and nephrolytic activity, anticoagulant, antimicrobial, estrogenic, antitumor, antituberculosis, analgesic, and sedative effects, and has an antidepressant effect.
For their detection in medicinal raw materials and food additives, both classical reactions (Molish, Fehling reagents, Wilson reaction, saponification number, ether and iodine number, lactone test, titrimetry) and physicochemical methods (fluorescence in UV light, polarography) have been developed and used , spectrophotometry, chromato-mass spectrometry).
The purpose of the work is to summarize the data known in the literature on the chemical composition of plant raw materials and scientific data on their biological activity and methods of their analytical detection.
The unique pharmacological properties of nutritional supplements based on medicinal plants are due to the complex nature of the action of biologically active compounds that are part of both primary (sugars, oligo- and polysaccharides, organic and mineral acids, lipids, lipoids, vitamins, enzymes, minerals) and secondary metabolites (steroids - phytosterols, cardiosteroids, steroid sapogenins), (terpenoids - iridoids, components of essential oils, resins, triterpenoids, carotenoids, rubber), (phenolic compounds - simple phenols and their derivatives, anthracene derivatives, tannins) and alkaloids.
The complex of these compounds exhibits photosensitizing, spasmolytic, and nephrolytic activity, anticoagulant, antimicrobial, estrogenic, antitumor, antituberculosis, analgesic, and sedative effects, and has an antidepressant effect.
For their detection in medicinal raw materials and food additives, both classical reactions (Molish, Fehling reagents, Wilson reaction, saponification number, ether and iodine number, lactone test, titrimetry) and physicochemical methods (fluorescence in UV light, polarography) have been developed and used , spectrophotometry, chromato-mass spectrometry).
KEYWORDS:
Food additives, medicinal plants, biologically active compounds, biological activity, methods of analysis.
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FOR CITATION:
Lyashenko VI, Holichenkov OM, Ostanina NV, Kuznetsova EM, Levin ÌG, Bryazkalo VV, Maystrenko ZY. Biologically active compounds of medicinal plants – as a basic component of food additives. Scientific analysis. Hygiene of populated places. 2022;72:124-135. Ukrainian.