Hygiene of populated places | ISSN: 2707-0441 eISSN: 2707-045X |
Issue 72, 2022 - Pages: 107-116
HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF FOOD PRODUCTS BY THE CONTENT OF ESSENTIAL AND TOXIC MICRO ELEMENTS
N.M. Onul1, E.M. Biletska1, S.I. Valchuk2, H.M. Yuntunen3, I.V. Pîkhmurko2, T.M. Bielska2
1 DNIPRO STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
2 STATE INSTITUTION "DNIPROPETROVSK REGIONAL CENTER FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION OF THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF UKRAINE"
3 COMMUNAL ENTERPRISE «DNIPROPETROVSK REGIONAL STATION BLOOD TRANSFUSION»
ÓÄÊ: 613.26/.29:577.118:612.04.46
SUMMÀRY:
Objective. Hygienic analysis of toxicological safety and trace element adequacy of food products of the Dnipropetrovsk region in time dynamics.
Materials and methods. The determination of the content of heavy metals: mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium, copper and zinc using physicochemical research methods in the main groups of food products of the Dnipropetrovsk region and their analysis for the period 2017-2021 was carried out.
Results. It was established that regional food products of the industrially polluted Dnipropetrovsk region contain such toxic metals as lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic in concentrations whose average values correspond to domestic and international standards and are mostly identical to similar data in other regions of Ukraine and the world. However, the maximum values of lead content in certain food groups exceed current regulations. The content of other xenobiotics - mercury and arsenic - was determined at a level below the sensitivity of the detection methods. Food products contain the essential trace element zinc in concentrations that mostly correspond to the biological level or were at its lower limit, while the copper content is at the lower limit of biological values or 2-2.5 times lower. Taking into account that the content of the above-mentioned microelements during culinary processing of products decreases by 26-42%, it is possible to predict their deficiency in the nutrition of population of the region, especially for copper. In the dynamics of the 5-year research period, concentrations of essential and toxic trace elements are characterized by relative stability in grain and leguminous products, milk and dairy products, with the exception of a 1.5-fold decrease (p<0.05) in zinc content with a gradual increase in lead and cadmium concentrations in meat and meat products, vegetables, fruits and berries by 1.2-1.7 times (p<0 .05 - p<0.01). At the same time, a comparison of the results of the 2017-2021 study with the previous 10-year period revealed a significant increase in average lead concentrations by 1.5-2.8 times in all groups of food products, cadmium by 1.7 times in meat products and multidirectional dynamics of concentrations of essential trace elements.
Conclusions. The obtained results indicate the urgency of the problem of ensuring the quality and safety of food products, the need for further improvement of legislation in the field of food production and sale, its harmonization with international standards, the implementation of measures to improve the quality and safety of food products and the improvement of methods of their control at all levels. The data we received and their analysis justify the expediency of further systematic control and hygienic assessment of contamination and trace element adequacy of food products of industrial areas, their impact on the body through the development and implementation of preventive measures to preserve the health of the population.
KEYWORDS:
Heavy metals, food products, trace elements, content, pollution.
REFERENCES:
1. Shcherbakova NS, Maksymova YuYu. [The influence of toxic elements on organoleptic indicators of milk]. [Bulletin of the Poltava State Agrarian Academy]. 2019;4:153-8. Ukrainian.
2. Krychkovska LV, Bielinska AP, Ananieva VV, et al. [Food safety: anti-alimentary factors, xenobiotics, food additives: a study guide]. Kharkiv: NTU «KhPI»; 2017. 98 ð. Ukrainian.
3. Mazur VA, Tkachuk OP, Yakovets LA. [Environmental safety of grain and leguminous products]. Vinnytsia: VNAU; 2020. 442 ð. Ukrainian.
4. Biletska EM, Onul NM. [Ecological and hygienic assessment of the anthropogenic load of the environment as a risk factor for the health of the population of the Dnieper region]. Dnipropetrovsk: Accent; 2016. 140 ð. Ukrainian.
5. Shevchuk VD, Mudrak HV, Franchuk MO. [Ecological assessment of the intensity of soil pollution by heavy metals]. Colloquium-journal. Agricultural Sciences. 2021;10(97):40-6. Ukrainian.
6. Kupchyk OYu. [Determination of the correlation between the content of heavy metals in plant products and soil during environmental monitoring]. Scientific and Technical Journal. 2016;13(1):85-91. Ukrainian.
7. Kumar S, Islam R, Akash PB, et al. Lead contamination in agricultural products and human health risk assessment in Bangladesh. Water Air Soil Pollut. 2022:233-57. doi:
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-022-05711-9
8. Wei J, Cen K. Assessment of human health risk based on characteristics of potential toxic elements (PTEs) contents in foods sold in Beijing. China. Sci. Tot. Environ. 2020;703:134747. doi:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134747
9. Liubarska LS, Hulich MP. [Calculation of the content of zinc and copper in the diet based on the determined actual content of them in food products]. Hygiene of Populated Places. 2014;63:233-9. Ukrainian.
10. Winiarska-Mieczan A, Katarzyna Kwiatkowska E, Kwiecień M, et al. Dietary intake and content of Cu, Mn, Fe, and Zn in selected cereal products marketed in Poland. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2019;187(2):568-78. doi:
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-018-1384-0
11. Sujka M, Pankiewicz U, Kowalski R, et al. Determination of the content of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn in dairy products from various regions of Poland. Open Chemistry. 2019;17(1). doi:
https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2019-0072
12. Norouzirad R, González-Montaña J-R, Martínez-Pastor F, et al. Lead and cadmium levels in raw bovine milk and dietary risk assessment in areas near petroleum extraction industries. Science of the Total Environment. 2018;635:308-14. doi:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.138
13. Molina DAR, Vargas JHL, Gutierrez JAB, et al. Residues of veterinary drugs and heavy metals in bovine meat from Urabá (Antioquia, Colombia), a promising step forward towards international commercialization. Veterinary and Animal Science. 2021;13:100192. doi:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2021.100192
14. [State sanitary rules and norms «Maximum permissible levels of certain pollutants in food products», approved by the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine from 13.05.2013 N 368 with changes from 22.05.2020]. Ukrainian.
15. FAO, WHO. General standard for contaminants and toxins in food and feed (CXS 193-1995). Switzerland; 2019.
16. [Balances and consumption of basic food products by the population of Ukraine: statistical collection]. Edited by O. Prokopenko. Kyiv; 2021. 59 ð. Ukrainian.
17. Abedi A, Zabihzadeh M, Hosseini H, et al. Determination of Lead, Cadmium, Iron and Zinc contents in the meat products supplied in Tehran. Iranian J Nutr Sci Food Technol. 2018;13(3):93-102.
FOR CITATION:
Onul NM, Biletska EM, Valchuk SI, Yuntunen HM, Pîkhmurko IV, Bielska TM. Hygienic assessment of the quality of food products by the content of essential and toxic micro elements. Hygiene of populated places. 2022;72:107-116. Ukrainian.