| Hygiene of populated places | ISSN: 2707-0441 eISSN: 2707-045X |
Issue 70, 2020 - Pages: 34-42
USE OF RISK ASSESSMENT IN CONDUCTING STATE SANITARY AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION TO JUSTIFY THE SIZES OF SANITARY PROTECTION
O. Turos1, A. Petrosian1, T. Maremukha1, I. Kobzarenko1, V. Morhulova1
1 STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU
ÓÄÊ: 614.71:351.777:504.06
SUMMÀRY:
Objective. Justify need to use the methodology of human health risk assessment to determine the size of sanitary protection zones for industrial enterprises (especially, I-II hazard classes).
Materials and methods: sanitary protection zone of an industrial enterprise; mathematical modelling of air pollution; physical and chemical analysis methods of pollutants; human health risk assessment; cartographic methods using geographic information systems (GIS; ArcGis 10.0) and Earth remote sensing data (remote sensing; space images).
Results. Improved understanding effectiveness of the human health risk assessment (HHRA) methodology used during the state sanitary and epidemiological examination of materials on the substantiation of the sanitary protection zones size for industrial enterprises. The human health risk has been assessed and the effectiveness of the developed and implemented management decisions on health and environmental issues has been demonstrated. The risk was reduced by almost 30 times compared to 2009 after environmental conservation measures (non-carcinogenic risk of chronic inhalation in 2009 for manganese and its compounds was HQ=15.3÷41.0; in 2012, HQ=1.1÷1.5). Priority and assessment of the contribution of individual emission sources (in %) to the total air pollution was additionally conducted and further phased implementation of environmental measures is recommended. This allowed to reduce the risk to the limit (allowable) indicators.
Conclusions. Scientifically substantiated the need to study the patterns of distribution of potentially dangerous chemicals in the natural atmosphere and analyze the level of their concentration in the enterprise operation area (radius 40 heights of the largest pipe, m) at different distances in all directions of the world by rhumbs, taking into account territorial features (characteristics of land use, topographic and meteorological data) location of industrial facilities and residential areas. The necessity of HHRA implementation accelerating within the framework of arbitrary procedures through the support of cooperation in management decisions in the development and improvement of environmental and hygienic measures to reduce air pollution has been implemented.
Materials and methods: sanitary protection zone of an industrial enterprise; mathematical modelling of air pollution; physical and chemical analysis methods of pollutants; human health risk assessment; cartographic methods using geographic information systems (GIS; ArcGis 10.0) and Earth remote sensing data (remote sensing; space images).
Results. Improved understanding effectiveness of the human health risk assessment (HHRA) methodology used during the state sanitary and epidemiological examination of materials on the substantiation of the sanitary protection zones size for industrial enterprises. The human health risk has been assessed and the effectiveness of the developed and implemented management decisions on health and environmental issues has been demonstrated. The risk was reduced by almost 30 times compared to 2009 after environmental conservation measures (non-carcinogenic risk of chronic inhalation in 2009 for manganese and its compounds was HQ=15.3÷41.0; in 2012, HQ=1.1÷1.5). Priority and assessment of the contribution of individual emission sources (in %) to the total air pollution was additionally conducted and further phased implementation of environmental measures is recommended. This allowed to reduce the risk to the limit (allowable) indicators.
Conclusions. Scientifically substantiated the need to study the patterns of distribution of potentially dangerous chemicals in the natural atmosphere and analyze the level of their concentration in the enterprise operation area (radius 40 heights of the largest pipe, m) at different distances in all directions of the world by rhumbs, taking into account territorial features (characteristics of land use, topographic and meteorological data) location of industrial facilities and residential areas. The necessity of HHRA implementation accelerating within the framework of arbitrary procedures through the support of cooperation in management decisions in the development and improvement of environmental and hygienic measures to reduce air pollution has been implemented.
KEYWORDS:
air pollution, sanitary protection zone, risk assessment, exposure, environmental protection measures, risk management.
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FOR CITATION:
Turos O., Petrosian A., Maremukha T., Kobzarenko I., Morhulova V. Vykorystannia otsinky ryzyku pid chas provedennia derzhavnoi sanitarno-epidemiolohichnoi ekspertyzy dlia obgruntuvannia rozmiriv sanitarno-zakhysnykh zon promyslovykh pidpryiemstv [Use of Risk Assessment in Conducting State Sanitary and Epidemiological Examination to Justify the Sizes of Sanitary Protection]. In : Hihiiena naselenykh mists : zb. nauk. pr. [Hygiene of Populated Places]. Kyiv ; 2021 ; 71 : 34-42 (in Ukrainian).