Literary review indicates that the environmental factors, including heat shock, have an im-portant influence on the beginning of mutation, on the conduct of mobile genetic elements (MGE) in the Drosophila population and Drosophila personal and population fertility. The attention of the spe-cialists is mainly reverted on the separate factor effects and there are few works touching upon the combined effects of these factors and heat shock factor.
The study of the conduct of MGE in the natural population has a common biological signifi-cance; they influence the structure and dynamics of their master’s genome. The hologenome theory of the evolution was creating. The main point of this theory is that the individual person is examined with all the representatives of another species, which existence in their limits. This grouping was name holobyont.
Heat shock proteins were determined in the cells of all the living persons from the bacterium’s to the man. The genes of heat shock are practically invariable in genomes of five kingdoms of the liv-ing world. The yeast, fly-drosophila and nematode Caenorhabditis elegans have only one transcrip-tion factor of heat shock genes. Man cells have three the same factors. This difficult scheme of gene expression regulation leads to idea about their numeral functions, which needs additional researches.