| Hygiene of populated places | ISSN: 2707-0441 eISSN: 2707-045X |
Issue 71, 2021 - Pages: 105-110
ECOLOGICAL AND HYGIENIC ASPECTS OF ASSESSMENT OF THE NEGATIVE INFLUENCE OF CERTAIN MINING FACILITIES ON THE STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND LIVING CONDITIONS OF THE POPULATION
V.V. Stankevych1, N.M. Koval1, O.M. Cherevko1
1 STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU
ÓÄÊ: 614:612
SUMMÀRY:
Objective. Sanitary and hygienic assessment of the main factors of harmful effects of certain objects of the mining industry (quarries and dumps of overburden) on the environment and living conditions of the population.
Materials and methods. The objects of research were the enterprises of the mining industry, as a result of which quarries and dumps of overburden (mining and processing complexes (mining complexes)) are formed.
To conduct a sanitary and hygienic assessment of the levels of impact created at the boundary of the sanitary protection zone (SPZ) of quarries and dumps of overburden, the results of calculating the scattering of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere from these emission sources, which form the total gross emissions. industrial site, as well as regulatory and technical documentation, according to which enterprises operate.
Results. Based on the analysis of the provided design materials, it was established that the de-signed GOK facility as part of the quarry, concentrator and tailings for mining and processing of ore sands is expected to be located within a mining allotment of about 2 thousand hectares, of which al-most a third is under settlements, which does not allow to organize a regulatory SPZ of 300 m [2]. Existing dumps of overburden (loose and rocky) GOK, which is located within the iron ore Kryvyi Rih basin, are located at a distance of 400-430 m from the nearest settlements, which meets the re-quirements of paragraph 8.33 [2] on the possibility of organizing SPZ for dumps minimum size 300 m [2].
Based on the analysis of the results of the calculation of the emission scattering of the entire spectrum of pollutants, no excess was found for any of these substances for both the designed and ex-isting GOK facilities.
To prevent dust formation on the heaps of overburden, it is necessary to implement technological measures, in particular to adhere to the optimal parameters of the heaps: the height of the tiers, the angles of the slopes, the width of the berms.
In order to protect the hydrosphere of the potential impact of overburden dumps in terms of prevention of groundwater contamination by infiltration wastewater, prevention and forecasting of flooding of adjacent areas are monitoring observations of groundwater, groundwater in the area adjacent to the overburden dumps.
Conclusions. Conditions for the operation of mining enterprises are not exceeding the hygienic regulations of the permissible content of chemicals in the air of settlements [3] and ensuring the regulatory level of acoustic impact at the SPZ in accordance with the requirements [2,4], constant monitoring of underground and surface waters, prevention of the possibility of flooding of the adjacent settlement area, maintenance of optimal parameters of dumps of overburden rocks of GOK, application of measures to prevent dust formation at GOK facilities (dust suppression, reclamation measures, etc.).
Materials and methods. The objects of research were the enterprises of the mining industry, as a result of which quarries and dumps of overburden (mining and processing complexes (mining complexes)) are formed.
To conduct a sanitary and hygienic assessment of the levels of impact created at the boundary of the sanitary protection zone (SPZ) of quarries and dumps of overburden, the results of calculating the scattering of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere from these emission sources, which form the total gross emissions. industrial site, as well as regulatory and technical documentation, according to which enterprises operate.
Results. Based on the analysis of the provided design materials, it was established that the de-signed GOK facility as part of the quarry, concentrator and tailings for mining and processing of ore sands is expected to be located within a mining allotment of about 2 thousand hectares, of which al-most a third is under settlements, which does not allow to organize a regulatory SPZ of 300 m [2]. Existing dumps of overburden (loose and rocky) GOK, which is located within the iron ore Kryvyi Rih basin, are located at a distance of 400-430 m from the nearest settlements, which meets the re-quirements of paragraph 8.33 [2] on the possibility of organizing SPZ for dumps minimum size 300 m [2].
Based on the analysis of the results of the calculation of the emission scattering of the entire spectrum of pollutants, no excess was found for any of these substances for both the designed and ex-isting GOK facilities.
To prevent dust formation on the heaps of overburden, it is necessary to implement technological measures, in particular to adhere to the optimal parameters of the heaps: the height of the tiers, the angles of the slopes, the width of the berms.
In order to protect the hydrosphere of the potential impact of overburden dumps in terms of prevention of groundwater contamination by infiltration wastewater, prevention and forecasting of flooding of adjacent areas are monitoring observations of groundwater, groundwater in the area adjacent to the overburden dumps.
Conclusions. Conditions for the operation of mining enterprises are not exceeding the hygienic regulations of the permissible content of chemicals in the air of settlements [3] and ensuring the regulatory level of acoustic impact at the SPZ in accordance with the requirements [2,4], constant monitoring of underground and surface waters, prevention of the possibility of flooding of the adjacent settlement area, maintenance of optimal parameters of dumps of overburden rocks of GOK, application of measures to prevent dust formation at GOK facilities (dust suppression, reclamation measures, etc.).
KEYWORDS:
mining facilities, quarries, dumps, overburden, dust prevention, monitoring studies.
REFERENCES:
1. Dyrektyva 2006/21/IeS vid 15.03.2006 r. Pro upravlinnia vidkhodamy vydobuvnykh pidpryiemstv ta pro vnesennia zmin do Dyrektyvy 2004/35/IeS. – OB L 102, 11.04.2006 (2006L0021 – UA – 07.08.2009 – 001.001) [Directive 2006/21/EU of 15.03.2006 on the Management of Waste from Extractive Industries and Amending Directive 2004/35/EU. - OJ L 102, 11.04.2006 (2006L0021 - UA - 07.08.2009 - 001.001)]. 15 p. (in Ukrainian).
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4. Derzhavni sanitarni normy dopustymykh rivniv shumu v prymishchenniakh zhytlovykh ta hromadskykh budynkiv i na terytorii zhytlovoi zabudovy. DSN 463-19 (zatverdzheni nakazom MOZ vid 22.02.2019 r. ¹463) [State Sanitary Norms of Permissible Noise Levels in Residential and Public Buildings and in Residential Areas. LTO 463-19 (Approved by the Order of the Ministry of Health Dated 22.02.2019 ¹463)]. (in Ukrainian). URL : https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0281-19
FOR CITATION:
Stankevych V.V., Koval N.M., Cherevko O.M. Ekoloho-hihiienichni aspekty otsinky nehatyvnoho vplyvu okremykh obiektiv hirnycho-vydobuvnoi haluzi na stan dovkillia ta umovy prozhyvannia naselennia [Ecological and Hygienic Aspects of Assessment of the Negative Influence of Certain Mining Facilities on the State of the Environment and Living Conditions of the Population]. In : Hihiiena naselenykh mists : zb. nauk. pr. [Hygiene of Populated Places]. Kyiv ; 2021 ; 71 : 105-110 (in Ukrainian).