| ó㳺íà íàñåëåíèõ ì³ñöü | ISSN: 2707-0441 eISSN: 2707-045X |
Âèïóñê 71, 2021 - Ñòîð³íêè: 132-138
ÏÐÎ ÄÅßʲ ÀÊÒÓÀËÜͲ ÏÈÒÀÍÍß Ç ÏÐÎÁËÅÌ Ã²Ã²ªÍ²×Íί ÐÅÃËÀÌÅÍÒÀÖ²¯ ÍŲÎͲÇÓÞ×ÈÕ ÂÈÏÐÎ̲ÍÞÂÀÍÜ
Àê³ìåíêî Â.ß.1, Äóìàíñüêèé Â.Þ.1, ͳê³ò³íà Í.Ã.1, Á³òê³í Ñ.Â.1, Ãàëàê Ñ.Ñ.1, Ñåðäþê ª.À.1, Ãîö Î.Â.1, Ñåìàøêî Ï.Â.1, Áåçâåðõà À.Ï.1
1 ÄÓ "²ÍÑÒÈÒÓÒ ÃÐÎÌÀÄÑÜÊÎÃÎ ÇÄÎÐÎÂ'ß ²Ì. Î.Ì. ÌÀÐǪªÂÀ ÍÀÌÍÓ"
ÀÍÎÒÀÖ²ß:
Ìåòà. Ïðîàíàë³çóâàòè ìåòîäè÷í³ îñîáëèâîñò³ íàóêîâîãî îá´ðóíòóâàííÿ íîðìàòèâ³â áåçïåêè íå³îí³çóþ÷èõ âèïðîì³íþâàíü äëÿ çäîðîâ’ÿ ïðàöþþ÷èõ ³ íàñåëåííÿ â êðà¿íàõ ªÑ.
Îá’ºêò ³ ìåòîäè äîñë³äæåííÿ. Àíàë³òè÷íèìè ìåòîäàìè âèâ÷àëèñü ïðèíöèïè ³ êðèòå𳿠íàóêîâîãî îá´ðóíòóâàííÿ ãðàíè÷íî äîïóñòèìèõ ð³âí³â åëåêòðîìàãí³òíèõ ïîë³â ð³çíîãî ÷àñòîòíîãî ä³àïàçîíó, ðåêîìåíäîâàíèõ ÂÎÎÇ äëÿ âèðîáíèöòâ³ ³ â íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêòàõ.
Ðåçóëüòàòè äîñë³äæåííÿ òà ¿õ îáãîâîðåííÿ. Àêöåíòîâàíî óâàãó íà ìîæëèâèõ ïðè÷èíàõ ðîçõîäæåííÿ íîðìàòèâ³â ÅÌÏ ð³çíîãî ÷àñòîòíîãî ä³àïàçîíó, ðåêîìåíäîâàíèõ ì³æíàðîäíèìè îðãàí³çàö³ÿìè (ÂÎÎÇ, IRPA) ³ ä³þ÷èìè â Óêðà¿í³. Ïîêàçàíà îñíîâíà â³äì³íí³ñòü ó âèêîðèñòàíí³ ïðèíöèï³â ïîðîãîâîñò³ 䳿 ³ ðèçèêîâèõ ï³äõîä³â íà áàç³ òåïëîâèõ åôåêò³â 䳿 ÅÌÏ.
Âèñíîâêè. Çì³íè â çàêîíîäàâñòâ³ Óêðà¿íè (Çàêîíè Óêðà¿íè, Ðîçïîðÿäæåííÿ ÊÌ Óêðà¿íè, Ïîñòàíîâè ÊÌ Óêðà¿íè, ³íø³ íîðìàòèâíî-ïðàâîâ³ àêòè) çðóéíóâàëè â³äïðàöüîâàíó ðîêàìè ñèñòåìó ïîïåðåäæóâàëüíîãî ñàí³òàðíîãî íàãëÿäó çà ðîçì³ùåííÿì â íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêòàõ äæåðåë ìîæëèâîãî âïëèâó ÅÌÏ, øóìó òà ³íøèõ ô³çè÷íèõ ÷èííèê³â íà çäîðîâ’ÿ íàñåëåííÿ Óêðà¿íè.
Îá’ºêò ³ ìåòîäè äîñë³äæåííÿ. Àíàë³òè÷íèìè ìåòîäàìè âèâ÷àëèñü ïðèíöèïè ³ êðèòå𳿠íàóêîâîãî îá´ðóíòóâàííÿ ãðàíè÷íî äîïóñòèìèõ ð³âí³â åëåêòðîìàãí³òíèõ ïîë³â ð³çíîãî ÷àñòîòíîãî ä³àïàçîíó, ðåêîìåíäîâàíèõ ÂÎÎÇ äëÿ âèðîáíèöòâ³ ³ â íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêòàõ.
Ðåçóëüòàòè äîñë³äæåííÿ òà ¿õ îáãîâîðåííÿ. Àêöåíòîâàíî óâàãó íà ìîæëèâèõ ïðè÷èíàõ ðîçõîäæåííÿ íîðìàòèâ³â ÅÌÏ ð³çíîãî ÷àñòîòíîãî ä³àïàçîíó, ðåêîìåíäîâàíèõ ì³æíàðîäíèìè îðãàí³çàö³ÿìè (ÂÎÎÇ, IRPA) ³ ä³þ÷èìè â Óêðà¿í³. Ïîêàçàíà îñíîâíà â³äì³íí³ñòü ó âèêîðèñòàíí³ ïðèíöèï³â ïîðîãîâîñò³ 䳿 ³ ðèçèêîâèõ ï³äõîä³â íà áàç³ òåïëîâèõ åôåêò³â 䳿 ÅÌÏ.
Âèñíîâêè. Çì³íè â çàêîíîäàâñòâ³ Óêðà¿íè (Çàêîíè Óêðà¿íè, Ðîçïîðÿäæåííÿ ÊÌ Óêðà¿íè, Ïîñòàíîâè ÊÌ Óêðà¿íè, ³íø³ íîðìàòèâíî-ïðàâîâ³ àêòè) çðóéíóâàëè â³äïðàöüîâàíó ðîêàìè ñèñòåìó ïîïåðåäæóâàëüíîãî ñàí³òàðíîãî íàãëÿäó çà ðîçì³ùåííÿì â íàñåëåíèõ ïóíêòàõ äæåðåë ìîæëèâîãî âïëèâó ÅÌÏ, øóìó òà ³íøèõ ô³çè÷íèõ ÷èííèê³â íà çäîðîâ’ÿ íàñåëåííÿ Óêðà¿íè.
ÊËÞ×β ÑËÎÂÀ:
åëåêòðîìàãí³òí³ ïîëÿ, ðàä³î÷àñòîòíèé ä³àïàçîí, ì³êðîõâèëüîâèé ä³àïàçîí, ãðàíè÷íî äîïóñòèì³ ð³âí³, íå³îí³çóþ÷³ âèïðîì³íþâàííÿ, êðèòå𳿠îö³íêè á³îëîã³÷íî¿ ä³¿.
˲ÒÅÐÀÒÓÐÀ:
1. International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). ICNIRP guidelines for limiting exposure to electromagnetic fields (100 KHz to 300 GHz). Health Phys. 2020;118:483–524. DOI : https://doi.org/10.1097/HP.0000000000001210
2. International commission on non-Ionizing radiation protection (ICNIRP). Exposure to high frequency electromagnetic fields, biological effects and health consequences (100 kHz-300 GHz).ICNIRP 2009; 978-3-934994-10-2.
3. WHO (1981) Environmental health criteria 16: Radiofrequency and microwaves. Geneva, World Health Organization, 134 pp.
4. WHO (1984) Environmental health criteria 35: Extremely low frequency (ELF) fields. Geneva, World Health Organization, 131 pp.
5. WHO (1987) Environmental health criteria 69: Magnetic fields. Geneva, World Health Organization, 197 pp.
6. WHO (1993) Environmental health criteria 137: Electromagnetic fields 300 HZ to 300 GHZ. Geneva, World Health Organization, 201 pp.
7. Michaelson, S.M. (1983) Microwave/radiofrequency protection guide and standards. In: Grandolfo, M., Michaelson, S., & Rindi, A., ed. Biological effects and dosimetry of non-ionizing radiation: radiofrequency and microwave energies. New York, London, Plenum Press. DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4253-3_30
8. Repacholi, M.H. (1990) Radiofrequency field exposure standards: Current limits and the relevant bioeffects data. In: Gandhi, O.P., ed. Biological effects and medical applications of electromagnetic fields. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Prentice Hall, pp. 9-27.
9. Czerski, P. (1985) Radiofrequency radiation exposure limits in Eastern Europe. J. microwave Power, 20: 233. DOI : https://doi.org/10.1080/16070658.1985.11720307
10. Sliney, D.H. (1988) Current RF safety standards. In: Repacholi, M.H., ed. Non-ionizing radiations: physical characteristics, biological effects and health hazard assessment. London, IRPA Publications, pp. 219-233.
11. Grandolfo M. & Mild, K. H. (1989) Worldwide public and occupational radiofrequency and microwave protection guides. In: Franceschetti, G., Gandhi, O.P., & Grandolfo M., ed. Electromagnetic biointeraction mechanisms, safety standards, protection guides. New York, London, Plenum Press, pp. 99-134. DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5706-3_6
12. IRPA (1988) Guidelines on limits of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 100 kHz to 300 GHz. Health Phys., 54: 115-123.
13. REGULATIONS REGULATION (EU) 2018/1971 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 11 December 2018 establishing the Body of European Regulators for Electronic Communications (BEREC) and the Agency for Support for BEREC (BEREC Office), amending Regulation (EU) 2015/2120 and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1211/2009. URL : https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=OJ:L:2018:321:FULL&from=IT
14. COUNCIL RECOMMENDATION of 12 July 1999 on the limitation of exposure of the general public to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz) (1999/519/EC) â Îô³ö³éíîìó æóðíàë³ Ðàäè ªâðîïè (30. 7. 1999 EN Official Journal of the European Communities L 199/59).
ÄËß ÖÈÒÓÂÀÍÍß:
Àê³ìåíêî Â.ß., Äóìàíñüêèé Â.Þ., ͳê³ò³íà Í.Ã., Á³òê³í Ñ.Â., Ãàëàê Ñ.Ñ., Ñåðäþê ª.À., Ãîö Î.Â., Ñåìàøêî Ï.Â., Áåçâåðõà À.Ï. Ïðî äåÿê³ àêòóàëüí³ ïèòàííÿ ç ïðîáëåì ã³ã³ºí³÷íî¿ ðåãëàìåíòàö³¿ íå³îí³çóþ÷èõ âèïðîì³íþâàíü. ó㳺íà íàñåëåíèõ ì³ñöü : çá. íàóê. ïð. Ê., 2021. Âèï. 71. Ñ. 132-138.