| Hygiene of populated places | ISSN: 2707-0441 eISSN: 2707-045X |
Issue 69, 2019 - Pages: 205-215
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT AMONG CHILDREN AT THE STAGE OF TRANSITION FROM PRESCHOOL TO GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION FOR 10 YEARS
A.G. Platonova1, N.Y. Yatskovska1, M.G. Zhebelenko1
1 STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU
ÓÄÊ: 613.95:371.72/78
SUMMÀRY:
Objective: On the basis of the dynamic observations, we assessed the changes in the physical development of preschool children in Kyiv and developed the standardized indicators
Methods: We used hygienic, physiological, anthropometric, statistical methods. The children of the city of Kyiv of preschool age of both gender groups, indicators of physical development, scientific literature were the object of the study. We studied morphological and functional indicators of physical development of the children at preschool educational institutions in Kyiv. The assessment of the level of physical development was carried out on the basis of somatometric and physiometric research methods. We made the assessment of the indicators of physical development of 413 children aged 6 years (253 boys and 160 girls).
Results: In the process of work, it was found that the average value of the indicators of length and body weight, as well as chest circumference, among children aged 6 years, was reliably higher in boys. The body mass index, the functional indicators of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems are within the normative values. It was also detected that at a high level of physical development, there was a weak type of body structure in both age-gender groups, and their body structure was prone to asthenization and gracilization, which were more pronounced in girls. The anthropometric indicators of physical development of children over a ten-year period in boys, as well as the average values of the body mass and the circumference of the chest in girls, tend to increase, however, only the dynamics of the circumference of the chest of boys has reliable value. The body length indicator in girls has a tendency to a decrease. Thus, there is a statistically confirmed gender differentiation of the growth processes of children aged six years; different rates of their physical development were noted, as evidenced by the continuation of the acceleration process in boys and the tendency to stagnation in girls.
Methods: We used hygienic, physiological, anthropometric, statistical methods. The children of the city of Kyiv of preschool age of both gender groups, indicators of physical development, scientific literature were the object of the study. We studied morphological and functional indicators of physical development of the children at preschool educational institutions in Kyiv. The assessment of the level of physical development was carried out on the basis of somatometric and physiometric research methods. We made the assessment of the indicators of physical development of 413 children aged 6 years (253 boys and 160 girls).
Results: In the process of work, it was found that the average value of the indicators of length and body weight, as well as chest circumference, among children aged 6 years, was reliably higher in boys. The body mass index, the functional indicators of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems are within the normative values. It was also detected that at a high level of physical development, there was a weak type of body structure in both age-gender groups, and their body structure was prone to asthenization and gracilization, which were more pronounced in girls. The anthropometric indicators of physical development of children over a ten-year period in boys, as well as the average values of the body mass and the circumference of the chest in girls, tend to increase, however, only the dynamics of the circumference of the chest of boys has reliable value. The body length indicator in girls has a tendency to a decrease. Thus, there is a statistically confirmed gender differentiation of the growth processes of children aged six years; different rates of their physical development were noted, as evidenced by the continuation of the acceleration process in boys and the tendency to stagnation in girls.
KEYWORDS:
preschool children, physical development, anthropometric indicators.
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FOR CITATION:
Platonova A.G., Yatskovska N.Y., Zhebelenko M.G. Fizychnyi rozvytok ditei na etapi perekhodu vid doshkilnoi do zahalnoi serednoi osvity za 10 rokiv [Physical development among children at the stage of transition from preschool to general secondary education for 10 years]. In : Hihiiena naselenykh mists : zb. nauk. pr. [Hygiene of Populated Places]. Kyiv ; 2019 ; 69 : 205-215 (in Ukrainian).