| Hygiene of populated places | ISSN: 2707-0441 eISSN: 2707-045X |
Issue 69, 2019 - Pages: 33-42
HYGIENIC ISSUES OF THE NORMALIZATION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL-PLANNING INDICATORS OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF GENERAL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN UKRAINE AND THE COUNTRIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
N.P. Pavlenko1
1 STATE INSTITUTION “O.M. MARZIEIEV INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC HEALTH” NAMSU
ÓÄÊ: 613.5:727.1:317.61/62
SUMMÀRY:
In Ukraine, the total number of schools has significantly decreased over the last 10 years. The issues of design and construction of schools with provision of sanitary-hygienic conditions are not investigated, this made our study relevant
Objective: We analyzed the compliance of sanitary and town-planning legislation of Ukraine in the sphere of design of general education institutions with the international requirements.
Materials and methods: We studied the regulations for design of general education institu-tions in Ukraine and the European countries with the help of bibliosemantic, theoretical, analytical methods.
Results of research and discussion: According to the results of the research, the normative base for design of general education institutions of Ukraine and the European countries was studied. Comparative characteristics of three-dimensional-planning indicators for general education institu-tions in Ukraine, Germany, Finland, Scotland, England and Ireland were carried out.
Conclusions:
• normative requirements for a design of school buildings in the European countries are advisory and variable, unlike the mandatory standards in Ukraine;
• in Ukraine, the area of land per student is the highest indicator in comparison with the indicator of the European countries and makes up 38 m², which needs the further study taking into account the requirements of the national education system, actual town-planning conditions and the European experience;
• it necessary to normalize the additional period (autumn-winter-spring) in the supplement to the current standard of insolation at schools (spring-summer);
• increase of the density of class occupancy without changing of their area requires the equipping of the classes with mechanical ventilation to create the sanitary-hygienic conditions and air exchange in order to preserve the health of the students.
Objective: We analyzed the compliance of sanitary and town-planning legislation of Ukraine in the sphere of design of general education institutions with the international requirements.
Materials and methods: We studied the regulations for design of general education institu-tions in Ukraine and the European countries with the help of bibliosemantic, theoretical, analytical methods.
Results of research and discussion: According to the results of the research, the normative base for design of general education institutions of Ukraine and the European countries was studied. Comparative characteristics of three-dimensional-planning indicators for general education institu-tions in Ukraine, Germany, Finland, Scotland, England and Ireland were carried out.
Conclusions:
• normative requirements for a design of school buildings in the European countries are advisory and variable, unlike the mandatory standards in Ukraine;
• in Ukraine, the area of land per student is the highest indicator in comparison with the indicator of the European countries and makes up 38 m², which needs the further study taking into account the requirements of the national education system, actual town-planning conditions and the European experience;
• it necessary to normalize the additional period (autumn-winter-spring) in the supplement to the current standard of insolation at schools (spring-summer);
• increase of the density of class occupancy without changing of their area requires the equipping of the classes with mechanical ventilation to create the sanitary-hygienic conditions and air exchange in order to preserve the health of the students.
KEYWORDS:
general education institutions, sanitary norms and rules, building standards, the EU standards.
REFERENCES:
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FOR CITATION:
Pavlenko N.P. Hihiienichni pytannia normuvannia obiemno-planuvalnykh pokaznykiv budivnytstva zahalnoosvitnikh zakladiv v Ukraini ta krainakh Yevropeiskoho soiuzu [Hygienic issues of the normalization of three-dimensional-planning indicators of the construction of general education institutions in Ukraine and the countries of the EU]. In : Hihiiena naselenykh mists : zb. nauk. pr. [Hygiene of Populated Places]. Kyiv ; 2019 ; 69 : 33-42 (in Ukrainian).